EXPERTS IN SELF-DIRECTION
EXPERTS IN SELF-DIRECTION
People are happiest when they have control over their care.
Self-direction is at the heart of all the services we provide.
From Medicaid waiver programs to state-specific services, we are a solutions-oriented partner for states and health plans to provide the most efficient self-directed program options for home and community-based services.
Our members and caregivers have taught us that every service and support we offer directly impacts a life.
Our job is to empower clients to have choice and control over their services and supports.
State Health Plans and Managed Care Organizations
We believe your members deserve to live the healthiest and happiest lives they can.
For over three decades and across the country, Consumer Direct Care Network has provided Managed Long Term Services and Supports (MLTSS). Our focus is finding solutions for our Managed Care Organization and state partners to better help people get the care they need.
Whether you are looking for Agency with Choice (AWC), Fiscal Employer Agent (F/EA), or Support Broker Services (SBS), Consumer Direct Care Network is here to build the right program for you and your members.
We are here to support your members no matter where they are in the self-direction journey.
Agency with Choice (AWC)/Co-Employment Services
- Your member is the Managing Employer, meaning they recruit, hire, train, and schedule their own caregivers.
- We are the Employer of Record and manage all administrative and payroll-related tasks.
Fiscal Employer Agent (F/EA)
Fiscal/Employer Agent (F/EA) provides your member the most control over their in-home care.
- Your member is both the Managing Employer and the Employer of Record for their caregivers. Meaning they recruit, hire, train, and schedule their own caregivers, in addition to being the Employer of Record.
- We act as the Fiscal/Employer Agent and take care of the payroll and administrative functions for them.
As the Fiscal/Employer Agent, we make sure workers are paid on time and employment taxes are withheld correctly. Additionally, to fully protect your member from financial risk, we take on full liability for each member-employer’s tax responsibilities related to a self-direction program.
Support Broker Services (SBS)
Support Broker Services assist your members with questions and help them achieve success with their self-directed goals. Our job is to take away the stress and worry. We can answer questions and help your member understand paperwork and program requirements. Our Support Brokers walk side-by-side with your member to ensure they are successful in achieving their goals.
Innovative Solutions
With a commitment to collaborative partnerships, person-centered thinking, and the advancement of self-direction, we work with you to develop solutions that meet your unique needs.
Experts in Self-Direction
From our headquarters in Missoula, Montana, to every program across the country, our staff live in the communities where they work and understand the unique needs of members and their caregivers.
Our tools, technology, and services are designed with people in mind. We serve members and caregivers through Medicaid programs across the United States. We work with managed care organizations, state agencies, and other payors.
Click on a state to learn more about our current programs.
What Sets Us Apart
Experienced leadership
We are led by an executive team that brings a combined 100+ years working collaboratively with state agencies and managed care organizations to provide exceptional support to members and their caregivers.
Skilled local staff
Our community-based offices are staffed with local program personnel who understand the area’s culture and blend their knowledge with determination to provide exceptional support statewide.
Proven expertise and collaboration
We have 30+ years of experience providing home- and community-based services and support all self-directed service models. We have proven expertise implementing programs, collaborating through innovative partnerships, meeting unique program requirements, and ensuring compliance.
Certified Employee Owned
As a Certified Employee Owned company, our ownership structure recognizes caregivers as essential partners and protects the mission and integrity of care by ensuring that company decisions remain focused on people over profit.

Large or Small, Our Tools Fit Your Needs
Care by the Numbers
Caregiver Shifts Annually
Clients Served*
Employed Caregivers*
Annual Payroll
Why Self-Direction Works: Explore the Evidence
Don’t just take our word for it—see what the research says. These peer-reviewed studies and policy briefs highlight why self-direction is a proven, effective approach for home and community-based services. Explore these resources to learn how self-direction improves quality of life, empowers individuals, and strengthens care systems.
Citation: Applied Self-Direction. (2023). Bridging the gap: Insights into strengthening the self-directed workforce. https://pb.appliedselfdirection.com/api/files/xdr1oqesscyfjmm/m63hpjgrontcirv/Self-Directed%20Workforce%20Report%202023.pdf
Summary: This report addresses critical workforce challenges in self-directed services, examining recruitment, retention, and training of direct support workers. It analyzes barriers to building a stable workforce and identifies promising practices for workforce development.
Citation: DeCarlo, M. P., Bogenschutz, M. D., Hall-Lande, J. A., & Hewitt, A. S. (2019). Implementation of self-directed supports for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities in the United States. Journal of Disability Policy Studies, 30(1), 15–21. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1044207318790061
Summary: This article examines the national landscape of self-directed support implementation for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities across the United States. The authors analyze state-level variations in program design, funding mechanisms, and administrative structures providing a comprehensive overview of how different states have adopted and adapted self-direction models.
Citation: Edwards-Orr, M., & Ulyari, K. (2018). Long-term services and supports scorecard innovative and promising practices: Taking it to the next level: Using innovative strategies to expand options for self-direction. AARP Public Policy Institute. https://www.aarp.org/pri/topics/ltss/home-community-services/taking-it-to-the-next-level-using-innovative-strategies-to-expand-options-for-self-direction/?msockid=10e9bb4e66c866df3944ad6c674367cf
Summary: This AARP report highlights innovative and promising practices in long-term services and supports expanding self-direction options. It provides case studies of successful programs and identifies strategies states can use to enhance participant's choice and control.
Citation: Murray, K., Morris, M., Edwards-Orr, M., Schepel, M., & Flinn, B. (2024). National inventory of self-directed services 2023: Applied Self-Direction. Applied Self-Direction. https://pb.appliedselfdirection.com/api/files/xdr1oqesscyfjmm/omgolew8lh8ekdj/National%20Inventory%20of%20Self-Directed%20Long-Term%20Services%20and%20Supports%20Programs.pdf
Summary: This updated national inventory provides the most current data on self-directed services across the United States for 2024-2025. It documents program features, enrollment numbers, budget allocations, and recent policy changes at the state level. The inventory tracks trends in program growth, emerging models, and innovations in self-direction implementation.
Citation: Sciegaj, M., Mahoney, K. J., Schwartz, A. J., Simon-Rusinowitz, L., Selkow, I., & Loughlin, D. M. (2016). An inventory of publicly funded participant-directed long-term services and supports programs in the United States. Journal of Disability Policy Studies, 26(4), 245–251. https://doi.org/10.1177/1044207314555810
Summary: This inventory provides a systematic survey of publicly funded participant-directed long-term services and supports programs across all U.S. states. The authors document program characteristics, eligibility requirements, and service delivery models. This resource serves as a foundational reference for understanding the scope and variety of self-direction programs nationally, highlighting differences in state approaches to program structure and administration.
Why Self-Direction Wins
Win for Participants
Evaluation of experiences with self-direction in New York State: A focus on sustainability. University of Minnesota.
Citation: Institute on Community Integration. (2020). Evaluation of experiences with self-direction in New York State: A focus on sustainability. University of Minnesota. https://ici.umn.edu/products/LaP49B5GQnCk5nTrgIX2SQ
Summary: This report evaluates self-direction programs in New York State, focusing on their long-term sustainability. It examines participant experiences, program outcomes, and challenges in maintaining self-directed services. The study provides insights into how state-level policies and infrastructure support or hinder the effectiveness of self-direction models for individuals with disabilities.
Implementation of self-directed supports for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities in the United States. Journal of Disability Policy Studies
Citation: DeCarlo, M. P., Bogenschutz, M. D., Hall-Lande, J. A., & Hewitt, A. S. (2019). Implementation of self-directed supports for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities in the United States. Journal of Disability Policy Studies, 30(1), 15–21. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1044207318790061
Summary: This article examines the national landscape of self-directed support implementation for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities across the United States. The authors analyze state-level variations in program design, funding mechanisms, and administrative structures. The study identifies best practices and barriers to implementation, providing a comprehensive overview of how different states have adopted and adapted self-direction models.
Fewer potentially avoidable health care events in rural veterans with self-directed care versus other personal care services. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.
Citation: Yuan, Y., Thomas, K. S., Van Houtven, C. H., Price, M. C., Pizer, S. D., Frakt, A. B., & Garrido, M. M. (2022). Fewer potentially avoidable health care events in rural veterans with self-directed care versus other personal care services. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 70(5), 1498–1508. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.17656
Summary: This study compares adverse event rates among rural veterans receiving home-based primary care in self-directed versus traditional agency-based models. The research analyzes safety outcomes, healthcare utilization, and quality indicators. The findings contribute to understanding the comparative safety and effectiveness of different home care delivery models for vulnerable populations in rural settings.
Win for Governments and MCOs
The value of rebalancing long-term services and supports: Policy brief. Shirley Ryan AbilityLab.
Citation: Centers for Rehabilitation Research. (2025). The value of rebalancing long-term services and supports: Policy brief. Shirley Ryan AbilityLab. https://www.sralab.org/research/labs/cror/news/policy-brief-value-rebalancing-long-term-services-and-supports
Summary: This policy brief makes the case for rebalancing long-term services and supports away from institutional care toward home and community-based services, including self-direction. It presents evidence on cost-effectiveness, participant outcomes, and quality of life improvements associated with community-based care. The brief provides policy recommendations for accelerating the rebalancing of LTSS systems at state and federal levels.
1915(c) HCBS waiver payments and financing trends. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Citation: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. (2021, September). 1915(c) HCBS waiver payments and financing trends. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://www.medicaid.gov/medicaid/downloads/hcbs-wavr-paymnts-financng-trnds-sept-2021.pdf
Summary: The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services identify waiver payment trends finding that “Medicaid 1915(c) waiver costs were approximately $100,000 less per year per person than institutionalized care, projecting waiver costs to be 62% lower.”
Long-term services and supports scorecard innovative and promising practices: Taking it to the next level: Using innovative strategies to expand options for self-direction. AARP Public Policy Institute.
Edwards-Orr, M., & Ulyari, K. (2018). Long-term services and supports scorecard innovative and promising practices: Taking it to the next level: Using innovative strategies to expand options for self-direction. AARP Public Policy Institute. https://www.aarp.org/pri/topics/ltss/home-community-services/taking-it-to-the-next-level-using-innovative-strategies-to-expand-options-for-self-direction/?msockid=10e9bb4e66c866df3944ad6c674367cf
Summary: This AARP report highlights innovative and promising practices in long-term services and supports expanding self-direction options. It provides case studies of successful programs and identifies strategies states can use to enhance participant’s choice and control. The scorecard assesses different approaches to self-direction implementation and offers recommendations for scaling effective practices.
Win for Caregivers
“Bridging the gap: Insights into strengthening the self-directed workforce. Applied Self-Direction.
Citation: Applied Self-Direction. (2023). Bridging the gap: Insights into strengthening the self-directed workforce. https://pb.appliedselfdirection.com/api/files/xdr1oqesscyfjmm/m63hpjgrontcirv/Self-Directed%20Workforce%20Report%202023.pdf
Summary: This report addresses critical workforce challenges in self-directed services, examining recruitment, retention, and training of direct support workers. It analyzes barriers to building a stable workforce and identifies promising practices for workforce development. The report provides recommendations for policymakers and program administrators to strengthen the self-directed workforce through improved compensation, training, and support systems.
"Anything that Benefits the Workers Should Benefit the Client": Opportunities and Constraints in Self-Directed Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Applied Gerontology.
Citation: Wendel, C. L., LaPierre, T. A., Sullivan, D. L., Babitzke, J., Swartzendruber, L., Barta, T., & Olds, D. M. (2023). “Anything that Benefits the Workers Should Benefit the Client”: Opportunities and Constraints in Self-Directed Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Applied Gerontology: the Official Journal of the Southern Gerontological Society, 42(4), 524–535. https://doi.org/10.1177/07334648221143604
Summary: This qualitative study explores the perspectives of workers and clients in self-directed care arrangements. Through interviews, the authors identify opportunities for improving worker conditions and compensation while maintaining program flexibility and client autonomy. The research highlights the interdependence of worker satisfaction and client outcomes, arguing that investments in the direct-care workforce benefit both parties in self-directed relationships.
Public health's roles in sustaining informal and family caregivers. Trust for America’s Health.
Citation: Wolf, D. A. (2025). Public health’s roles in sustaining informal and family caregivers. Trust for America’s Health. https://www.tfah.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/TFAH-Caregiving-Brief-FINAL-1.pdf
Summary: This policy brief outlines public health’s role in supporting informal and family caregivers. It identifies evidence-based interventions, policy approaches, and public health strategies that can strengthen caregiver capacity and prevent caregiver burnout.